Transforming Point Cloud Data to a Solid 3D Model
Ahjoniemi, Christofer (2020)
Ahjoniemi, Christofer
2020
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Julkaisun pysyvä osoite on
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-202005046944
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:amk-202005046944
Tiivistelmä
The purpose of this thesis was to make a study of how a scanned point cloud data can be transformed into a solid 3D model that can be used in further studies in the form of simulations. To simulate a scanned part, it must be as accurate as possible when compared to a real-world object. A more detailed model allows for more accurate results to be obtained from the simulations, which in turn leads to better results for product development.
The thesis presents the theoretical part of 3D scanning, which includes the history of 3D scanning as well as various 3D scanning techniques and devices that enable the acquisition of reliable scanning material. The thesis also presents various real-world applications for 3D scanning, which introduces the use of 3D scanning today.
The project was carried out in Metso’s measurement room and utilized a non-contact laser scanner and coordinate measuring machine system, as well as various scanning software developed for processing scanned data. The thesis describes the steps of the scanning process and the post-processing of the point cloud data. Three different methods were used to transform the point cloud data into a solid 3D model.
The project resulted in three solid 3D models using three different methods. For these solid 3D models, a difference comparison was made between their original scanned point cloud mesh to detect changes in surface geometry of the parts in the process. Color maps were made for each process to show the changes caused by the process from the point cloud to the solid 3D model. Examining these development points was also part of the purpose of the thesis. At the end of the thesis, the results obtained from the difference comparison were examined and conclusions are drawn based on them.
Based on the results of the thesis, the importance of scanning during the process of creating solid 3D model was detected. A properly performed scanning process creates a solid starting point for the entire model creation process, which determines how accurate the final model is. Focusing on the coverage of the scanning and to the resolution of the scan leads to more accurate and better models. Additional processes in post-process phase were also found to affect the accuracy of the final 3D model. By following the development points observed in the thesis, better solid 3D model can be created in the future.
The thesis presents the theoretical part of 3D scanning, which includes the history of 3D scanning as well as various 3D scanning techniques and devices that enable the acquisition of reliable scanning material. The thesis also presents various real-world applications for 3D scanning, which introduces the use of 3D scanning today.
The project was carried out in Metso’s measurement room and utilized a non-contact laser scanner and coordinate measuring machine system, as well as various scanning software developed for processing scanned data. The thesis describes the steps of the scanning process and the post-processing of the point cloud data. Three different methods were used to transform the point cloud data into a solid 3D model.
The project resulted in three solid 3D models using three different methods. For these solid 3D models, a difference comparison was made between their original scanned point cloud mesh to detect changes in surface geometry of the parts in the process. Color maps were made for each process to show the changes caused by the process from the point cloud to the solid 3D model. Examining these development points was also part of the purpose of the thesis. At the end of the thesis, the results obtained from the difference comparison were examined and conclusions are drawn based on them.
Based on the results of the thesis, the importance of scanning during the process of creating solid 3D model was detected. A properly performed scanning process creates a solid starting point for the entire model creation process, which determines how accurate the final model is. Focusing on the coverage of the scanning and to the resolution of the scan leads to more accurate and better models. Additional processes in post-process phase were also found to affect the accuracy of the final 3D model. By following the development points observed in the thesis, better solid 3D model can be created in the future.